07/04/2026
Data from over a decade show the decline in butterflies. Nelson has had Asian paper wasps from the 1990s. The European paper wasp turned up around 2010, according to the local council.
New Zealand’s butterflies are in decline, with new long-term data confirming what many people have already noticed – far fewer monarchs in our communities.
“We are concerned that other species are in decline as well,” said Jacqui Knight, Founding Trustee of the Moths and Butterflies of New Zealand Trust. “But the monarchs are much larger and used to grace our gardens every summer – so their absence is much more noticeable.”
Now the Trust has evidence to back that the numbers of butterflies are declining.
Since 2009, Trust member Chrissie Ward in Nelson has walked the same route weekly from October to March, recording butterfly numbers. Her data shows a clear long-term decline in the once strong transect, with only partial recovery in some years.
“It has changed considerably over the years,” Chrissie said. “Of course, some fluctuation is expected, but all species have shown a decline in numbers.”
The report was produced by data analyst Kiran Thodiyil who said the data shows a clear long-term pattern of change in butterfly abundance.
“This season saw a drop of around 50 percent across most species – the worst on record,” said Jacqui. “The most likely drivers are environmental pressures, particularly introduced pest wasps (Vespula and Polistes spp.). A quick poll of Nelson residents supports this.”
The Trust is now calling for volunteers nationwide to take part in butterfly transect monitoring and is urging government to take the impact of introduced wasps more seriously as well as instigate other factors affecting our native fauna.
“Our Wasp Survey last year showed these pests are killing native insects like wētā and even young birds, while also limiting people’s ability to work and enjoy the outdoors,” Jacqui said. “There are other factors affecting our native fauna as well that need to be addressed. Our work is just beginning.”