04/24/2026
PART 1:
How does the wire rope connect to the drill string? Here is an example from a 10" well that was drilled to a depth of 500'.
In this case, a 3/4" diameter wire rope (steel drilling cable) is passed through a conventional Prosser rope socket. The socket must first be unscrewed from the drill string. On smaller wells, we use Burns open-side sockets that have a slot in the side to allow access to the connection without breaking the tools apart.
The wire rope is passed through the socket and into a swivel, which is a steel cylinder with a tapered internal bore. The top is shaped like an inverted "U" and forms something like an elongated bell. The bore begins at the top of the "U" only slightly smaller than the rope diameter, and tapers to nearly the diameter of the swivel at the bottom.
Wire rope for cable-tool drilling is wound "left-lay" to impart clockwise spin to the drill string, so that tool joints will not be loosened during percussion. The center of the cable has a h**p core to reduce internal friction, and wear and tear.
Once through the swivel, the main strands of the wire rope are unwound to approximately four-fifths the length of the swivel with a flat screwdriver. The h**p core is trimmed so that it enters only the top one-fifth of the swivel. Then the individual strands are unwound to about three-fifths the length of the swivel with electric pliers, and cleaned with alcohol or acetone.
The resulting bird nest (or fan) will be difficult to pull back into the swivel. Strike it squarely with a hammer until only 1/16" of the wires protrude from the bottom. This should take five or ten solid blows. Use a tapered pin to gently push the strands outward and to form a slight hollow down the center of the assembly. Finally, wrap and tie a strip of wet cotton fabric tightly against the top of the swivel.
The swivel will be filled with a molten babbitt material such as tin plumbing solder, which does not contain lead and is approved for drinking water. To facilitate this, invert the swivel and clamp it securely.
TO BE CONTINUED...