04/22/2026
๐๐๐
Guardians of Nature Mary Reynolds. Nature activist and reformed landscape designer
โBe a Guardian, not a Gardenerโ
Every Earth Day, people post about planting trees. That same weekend, many of them spend Saturday clearing out the leaves where dozens of species were about to emerge.
It's not carelessness. It's a gap in information.
When you clear dead leaves from under shrubs in late April, you're not just tidying. You're removing the shelter that overwintering insects and amphibians have been using since fall.
๐ฟ What's likely in those leaves right now:
- Giant silk moth pupae โ luna, cecropia, polyphemus โ wrapped in cocoons in the leaf layer, often weeks from emerging as some of the largest moths in the country
- Bumblebee queens โ each one the sole survivor of last year's colony, preparing to dig into soil nearby and start the season's pollinators
- Firefly larvae โ in the top layer of soil beneath the leaves, hunting slugs and snails. Late spring fireflies are the adults of these larvae
- Overwintering butterflies โ mourning cloak, eastern comma, question mark โ tucked into leaf folds waiting for sustained warmth
- Salamanders, tree frogs, ground beetles, wolf spiders โ the pest control system your yard runs before anyone sells you a product
When the leaves go into bags this weekend, most of what's sheltering in them goes too. The moth pupae don't survive composting. The butterflies lose their insulation. The queens get displaced.
๐ฑ What helps:
- Leave leaves under shrubs until nighttime temperatures stay reliably warm โ typically mid to late May in most eastern areas
- If you need to move them, shift them to a back corner of the yard instead of bagging. Same shelter, different spot
- Hold off on broadleaf lawn spray until late May โ most of what it targets in April isn't causing problems yet
- Cut back native perennial stems in late May, not April โ many are still holding overwintering eggs and cocoons
The yard you want to clean up is already full of what Earth Day is about. The cleanup can wait a few weeks ๐ฟ